False Memory - 2086 Words

False Memory and Your Imagination Diana Bunch PSY 511 False Memory and Your Imagination The power of suggestion or through a vivid imagination are just a couple ways that psychological research has shown ways in which false memories are created. A false memory is an untrue or distorted reminiscence of an event that did not actually happen. In reality, memory is very susceptible to error. People can feel completely assured that their memory is accurate, but this assurance is no guarantee that a specific memory is correct. Existing knowledge and other memories can affect the creation of a new memory, causing the memory of an event to be mistaken or entirely false. Memory researcher Elizabeth Loftus (1997) has demonstrated through her†¦show more content†¦The overall conclusion of this study indicate that the critical factor in determining the effect of divided attention on false memory is the manner in which memory is tested. This divided attention can affect adults and children through the false memory phenomena. Otgaar, Peters, and Howe (2012) conducted a study to examine the impact of divided attention on children’s and adults’ neutral and negative true and false memories in the DRM paradigm. They expected all participants to falsely recall more neutral false memories than negative ones. It was also predicted that divided attention would affect children’s and adults’ false memories differently; particularly that dividing attention should decrease children’s false memories. Participants included 78 seven year olds, 48 eleven year olds, and 52 young adults around the age of twenty-one. Results found that divided attention significantly affected children’s and adults’ false recall in opposite ways. Specifically, with children when attention was divided, false memories decreased whereas with adults, dividing attention increased false memory levels. From all the above stated research thus far, it can easily be suggested that false memories stemming in childhood are carried over into adulthood. Due to the nature of this, research has also been conducted in an attempt to reverse the effects. Holliday, Brainerd, and Reyna (2011) investigated the possibility that false memory could be subjected to theShow MoreRelatedFalse Memory Syndrome1478 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieve they may have happened; all three of these examples are forms of creating a false memory. Many psychologists have researched, evaluated, and experimented with false memory, which has lead to the discovery of False Memory Syndrome, a condition in which individuals contract false memories while almost always remaining oblivious to the act of creating a memory that is not factual or concrete (Berger 1). False memory syndrome develops as a result of many different internal and external forces suchRead MoreEssay False Memory1199 Words   |  5 PagesMemory is one of the most critical parts of cognition. It is important because it is involved in almost every aspect of cognition including problem solving, decision making, attention, and perception. Because of this importance, people rely on one’s memory to make important decisions. The value of one’s memory in this society is so high that it is used as evidence to either save one’s life or kill one’s life during murder trials. But as many of the cognitive psychologists know, human’s memory canRead MoreEssay On False Memory1409 Words   |  6 Pages False Memories are fundamentally, unintended human errors, which results in people having memories of events and situations that did not actually occur. It’s worth noting that in humans there are both true and false memories, these false memories occur when a mental experience is incorrectly taken to be a representation of a past event. For example, when people are asked to describe something that happened at a particular time, people rarely deliver accurate answers. Based on research, in eyewitnessRead MoreThe False Memories Of Photographs1488 Words   |  6 Pagesto document important life events in recent years. These photographs later become cues for individuals to recall their memories of what had happened during the time that the photo was taken. Since photographs usually capture real and memorable events, it would make sense to assume that the memories that photographs produce are going to be real and true memories. However, memories created by photos might not always be reliable. For example, if a group of individuals were presented with a fabricatedRead MoreWhat Is A False Memory?2142 Words   |  9 PagesCherry, K. (2016, March 19). What Is a False Memory? Retrieved April 30, 2016, from https:// www.verywell.com/what-is-a-false-memory-2795193 This webpage presents false memory at a glance. The webpage covers topics relating specifically to false memory, such as the definitions, causes, impacts, and who is affected. The author distinguishes false memory from other forms of memory fallibility. Also, the author indicates the various factors that influence false memory like misinformation, misattributionRead More False Memory Syndrome Essay1391 Words   |  6 PagesFalse Memory Syndrome How accurate and reliable is memory? Studies on memory have shown that we often construct our memories after the fact, that we are susceptible to suggestions from others that will help us fill in the gaps in our memories (Carroll 6). Prior to reading and discussing the issue of False Memory Syndrome, I hadn’t thought much about the topic. Maybe a person who had experienced this would be more educated. I did however find it very interesting to research and my beliefsRead MoreFalse Memory Essay1786 Words   |  8 PagesFalse memory, second to forgetting, is one of the two fundamental types of deformation in episodic memory (Holliday, Brainerd Reyna, 2010). Simply stated, false memory is the propensity to account normal occurrences as being a fraction of a key experience that in actuality was not an element of that experience (Holliday, Brainerd Reyna). False memories are something nearly everyone experience. Furthermore, false memory is defined as placed together, con structed representations of mental schemasRead MoreFalse Memory Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagespopulation have claimed that they remember a memory that never actually happened, which can also be perceived as false memory. (HealthDay News, 2016). According to Time magazine, a false memory is when you have an apparent recollection of an event that actually never occurred. It might be easy to explain why we remember things, however psychologists are finding that it’s trickier when we claim we remember things but it simply never happened. False memories are something you want to get more knowledgeRead MoreWhat is False Memory Syndrome? Essay789 Words   |  4 Pages False memory syndrome is also called Recovered memory, Pseudo-Memory, and Memory Distortion. False memory syndrome or pseudo-memory is memories of an experience, in which one seemingly remembers that never actually or really occurred. In other words, false memory is a fabricated remembrance of past events that did n ot really happen. People often falsely thought of memories as recorder that are records accurately of all the experience in our brain but, memories are not always true and accurate andRead MoreFalse Memories Of Sexual Abuse2089 Words   |  9 PagesFalse memory is a term for the event of an individual remembering information or events they were not exposed to. Jerwen and Flores (2013) defined it as the creation of a memory about an event that an individual did not experience. They point out, â€Å"although not being able to remember something is a memory problem, ‘remembering’ something that did not happen can be as serious a problem.† The seriousness of this problem is exemplified in the cases of individuals creating false memories of sexual abuse

Coping with loss Free Essays

Loss we all go through this emotion in life. It’s a part of life and we learn and grow from it every day. It’s that strong hurt or painful feeling In your chest. We will write a custom essay sample on Coping with loss or any similar topic only for you Order Now That ping in your stomach that Just wont go away. Coping with a huge loss in your life Is one of most difficult things you can do. We have all experience this feeling In one way or another. I recently felt these tumbling emotions not too long ago In October. When I lost my dog my friend of fourteen years Blackly of old age. I remember the first day I got Blackly he was so small and cute. He had a long black coat that looked like you are staring into the darkest of nights. His coat was soft to the touch like cotton or silk. Blackly eyes were so warm and friendly inviting you to pet him. He came up to me and tried to Jump on me. But he fell off of me he was always a silly dog. He was the one I wanted out of that litter of puppies something about him made him stand out to me. It was a weird feeling but a good kind of weird. That moment in time when I got my first puppy changed my childhood forever and has taught me so much. Blackly has taught me so many things in life It Is hard to believe a dog could have such a huge Impact on one person’s life. On a warm summers afternoon I was in the back yard with Blackly. A nice warm summer’s afternoon a cool breeze drafting through the air. Smelling flowers, barbeques In the still summers air, early In the afternoon. The cicada’s In the tree’s making noise me carefree having a good time a boy and his dog. I lay on the pavement Blackly right by my side. He would always lay himself out spreading out all his legs. He was my little black carpet I used to call him. It seems kind of silly to be such close friends with an animal. Animals are so similar to people and have so such personality like us it’s unbelievable. I would always tell Blackly little secrets here and there about myself. How I used to say I don’t know what life is all about and what’s to come of my life. I was and scared what the future may hold for me and I go on being a silly ten year old boy. Talking to a dog but you know something as weird as It may sound. Blackly understood where I was coming from and how I was feeling In this world. That dog had such understanding I thought he was human for the looks he used to give me. He always did have this Brian your crazy look. Then as life seems to go on forever In this world death Is here to take It away from us. Blackly and me had so many fun adventures. From a simple walk around the block to me washing him and even watching movies together. Blackly was getting really old I’m nineteen and already in college having him for so long was such a great gift. I could tell he was going to leave me soon and I made sure I was by his side as much as I could be. But work and school kept me more busy and away. Then that day came in October which is so ironic because Blackly birthday was October fourteen and it was October thirteen. He died before he turned fifteen years old. The day I came home and saw that look on my mom’s face and that look in her eye’s I knew what she was going to say without her saying it. I’ll never forget what my mom said â€Å"Brian Blackly Is gone now but he walked around a little bit in the backyard and then laid back down fell asleep and never woke up. † I never cried so much before Like that In my life. My mom’s words shattered me Into so many pieces. It was Like glass that is broken and you trying to find and fix all the pieces together. I went over memories we shared together in my mind whirling around and around. I think that happened to him to before he left this world. He remembered all the fun times we had together. Blackly getting up and walking around the yard was such a shock to me. Pets don’t care if you’re perfect, rich, or different. They accept and love you for who you are as a person which is one thing Blackly left behind to me. It doesn’t matter who oh are people should love you for the way you are no matter what. That is the biggest lesson I learned while I had Blackly in my life up until this point. I think all pet owners feel this strong deep connection with their pets. The one thing people should do more of is not to feel sad and lonely once their pet is gone. Your pet would never want you to feel that way I know Blackly wouldn’t like it if I was sad. Losing an important part of my life my childhood has affected me greatly. I Just learn to control those strong deep emotions and hope in time they will heal over my saddened heart. How to cite Coping with loss, Papers

Health Issue of Diabetes Among the Youths in UK

Question: Discuss about management of the health issue of Diabetes among the youths in UK with obesity management plan? Answer: Introduction: The current study is based on the topic of diabetes originating due to obesity among the young population of UK. The country depicts a prevalence of diabetes for 6.0% of the adults. Health bodies as NHS bears the high burden of cost due to the increasing cost of diabetes, which emphasizes the need for a higher focus on diabetes management plan. Obesity seems to result for 80-85% of the Type 2 diabetes incidence in UK (Winkley, 2013). Therefore, focussing on obesity management this study provides insight and direction towards reducing and effective handling of the health issue of diabetes among the youths. Topic: This study is based on the topic of management of the health issue of Diabetes among the youths in UK with obesity management plan. Interventions: Lifestyle management is a major intervention applied for managing diabetes issue related to obesity. Various aspects of life are influenced by diabetes and needs to be considered in lifestyle management intervention to handle and prevent diabetes in the young population. These include blood glucose level (BGL) monitoring, consumption of alcohol, smoke, food habits, physical activity level and emotional condition (Haas et al. 2013). Studies identify higher levels of physical activities, modified diets of low-calorie foods and weight loss programs to reduce the rate of progression of T2DM among the youths with an impaired glucose tolerance. A full involvement of the whole family of the patient or concerned youth is highly visible in the lifestyle management intervention. Reduction of spending time in front of computer or Television is a major focus of lifestyle intervention to manage diabetes in youths (healthcare, 2015). It drives the youths away from the sedentary lifestyle that is an eminent factor contributing to the origin of obesity and diabetes in an association. Change of food intake habits is a very important lifestyle change that influences the improvement of diabetic condition largely. Eating five portions of fruit and vegetables each day satiates the hunger avoiding overeating tendency or higher calorie intake. Pharmacologic intervention is another effective method to address the issue of diabetes. It deals with the administration of the relevant and most appropriate drugs to the patient as per symptoms and conditions depicted. Reinehr (2013) identified the administration of subcutaneous insulin injection in patients to treat Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Type 2 DM (T2DM) can be handled with medicines as Metformin (1st line of treatment), Thiazolidinediones, Sulfonylureas and others. Metformin seems to lower the HbA1c in 16 weeks of treatment. It also reveals the ability to improve plasma glucose levels. Sulfonylureas reveal an increase in weight and hypoglycemic side effects. Rosiglitazone is another drug showing similar effects on BGL as that of Metformin. However, a little increase in weight and mild peripheral edema associated with Rosiglitazone treatment decreases its preference over Metformin. The incretin hormone therapy is also an effective pharmacologic intervention for diabetes management (Schwartz and DeFronzo, 2013). Insulin therapy with or without other agents also improves BGL in youths suffering from diabetes (T2DM). However, certain factors as are essential to consider for determining the possibility of implementing the pharmacologic therapy for the diabetic patient or people at risk of diabetes. These factors include cost, efficacy, comorbidities, potential side effects, patient preferences, the risk of hypoglycaemia and effects on the weight of the patient (Ndei.org, 2015). The treatment with rapid-acting insulin analogues is effective to lower the rate of hypoglycaemia in diabetic patients. Target group: The target group for this study of diabetes due to obesity are the youths in UK depicting a high incidence of obesity (6.0%) among them leading to diabetes in later age. More than 62% of the youths in UK reveal obesity as a major issue that further leads to diabetes in 2013 (Grimes et al. 2013). Rationale: Diabetes is a highly concerning issue in UK. It not only affects the physical health of the affected individual but also declines the quality of life influencing the psychological aspect of the diabetic individual hampering efficiency and other social aspects as well. UK reveals an increase of diabetes prevalence from 1.4 million to 3.2 million in the country (Diabetes.co.uk, 2015). Obesity is seen to be the major reason causing T2DM in UK. The fast pace life of the people in UK drives the majority of the youths to lead a sedentary lifestyle. The increase in the percentage of young population affected by diabetes and its massive adverse effects on their health and lives puts a detrimental effect on the countrys status on an overall basis. Chapple and Genco (2013) highlighted the adverse effects of diabetes on the youths as declining energy restraining them from working to their full potential. The negative influence of diabetes on the psychological or mental health of youths is also evident. A large number of youths in the age group of 16-24 years old depicts mental health problems and patient of diabetes. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa seem to affect 2% of the young females. Hampering of normal living capabilities due to diabetes is the major cause of the psychological effect (Bernstein et al. 2013). Diabetes leads to decrease in sexual efficiency, energy, enthusiasm in life, short temper, food habits, digestion and urination. All these together have a stark effect on the lives of the youths. Aim: This project will aim to reduce the incidence of diabetes among youths to improve the overall health status of the country. Objectives: The current study will be conducted with the objectives as follows: To drive the youths towards adoption of higher level of physical activities in their lives to prevent diabetes To review and enhance the availability of healthy and low-calorie food and beverage options in markets and shops near educational institutions at affordable prices To increase the number of youths accessing the monthly health checkups/screening for obesity and diabetes relating to it Actions: Objective to meet Action Partnerships and involvement Resources required Evaluation methods 1.) To drive the youths towards adoption of higher level of physical activities in their lives to prevent diabetes Arrangement of short physical activity sessions and classes for youths in each locality Establishing the provision of rewarding the participant with highest level of involvement in the physical activities programs Physical activity trainers, Sports organizations, Sportswear companies, Common people, Local authority, Nearest hospital body Play ground or open place to arrange the scope for physical activity Equipments and materials for the games and activities Medical aids Assessing the number of participants involved in physical activities before and after the launch of the program in the particular locality 2.) To review and enhance the availability of healthy and low calorie food and beverage options in markets and shops near educational institutions at affordable prices Arranging a discussion session between the local retailers and health specialists Suggest those retailers ways to produce and sell healthy products with profit generation Suppliers of raw food materials, Retailers, Health specialists, Budget experts, Experts from RD (Research and Development) departments of the retails Financial calculative aids as software to calculate profit production cost, manufacturing cost, etc Websites Health journals and materials containing relevant information Building or sufficient and protective confidential space to hold the discussion Distributing survey questionnaires to the retailers after the discussion asking for their reflections Analysing the willingness of the retailers towards producing and selling healthy foods and beverages Assessing the level of investment that the retailers are interested towards their RD 3.) To increase the number of youths accessing the monthly health checkups/screening for obesity and diabetes relating to it Mass campaigning about diabetes prevention and screenings effectiveness near educational institutions Setting check-up centres at minimal charge for the youths and appointing trained and qualified nurses in the centres to check and guide the youths towards a healthy life Health practitioners, Nurses, Staffs, Designers, printers and distributers for mass campaigning Health check-up equipments, Space for setting the check-up centre, Poster designs Surveying the youths of the target locality in vicinity of the campaign regarding the information they possess about their health status Monitoring and checking the number of participants (among youths) accessing the set healthcare screening program Table 1: Action plan for Diabetes management (Source: Author) Conclusion: This study is conducted with a deep focus on diabetes due to obesity in youths, which is a major health issue among the society of UK in current days. It identifies the problems as increasing number of young people being victimised by diabetes. The pharmacologic intervention and psychological lifestyle change intervention are the two identified solutions for diabetes issue. Considering the use of lifestyle management intervention, the study presents a prospective action plan for diabetes management. Inducing the youths towards a higher level of physical activities, opting for selling healthy low-calorie food products by the retailers and raising awareness about the importance of health screening among youths are the major objectives highlighted in the study. Relevant activities as mass campaigning, discussion with retailers, setting physical activity sessions emerges as important. People as practitioners, health experts, nurses, retailers, suppliers and others are involved at great depths and level with the plan. Medical aids, health check-up equipment, etc. are significant for executing the activities. Relevant evaluation methods as questionnaire survey are eminent. References Bernstein, C. M., Stockwell, M. S., Gallagher, M. P., Rosenthal, S. L., and Soren, K. (2013). Mental health issues in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes prevalence and impact on glycemic control.Clinical pediatrics,52(1), 10-15. Chapple, I. L., and Genco, R. (2013). Diabetes and periodontal diseases: consensus report of the Joint EFP/AAP Workshop on Periodontitis and Systemic Diseases.Journal of clinical periodontology,40(s14), S106-S112. Diabetes.co.uk, (2015).Diabetes and Obesity. [online] Available at: https://www.diabetes.co.uk/diabetes-and-obesity.html [Accessed 29 Jul. 2015]. Grimes, C. A., Riddell, L. J., Campbell, K. J., and Nowson, C. A. (2013). Dietary salt intake, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, and obesity risk. Pediatrics, 131(1), 14-21. Haas, L., Maryniuk, M., Beck, J., Cox, C. E., Duker, P., Edwards, L., and Youssef, G. (2013). National standards for diabetes self-management education and support.Diabetes care,36(Supplement 1), S100-S108. healthcare, T. (2015).Treatment and healthcare - Diabetes UK. [online] Diabetes.org.uk. Available at: https://www.diabetes.org.uk/Guide-to-diabetes/Teens/What-is-diabetes/About-diabetes/Treatment-and-healthcare/ [Accessed 5 Aug. 2015]. Ndei.org, (2015).ADA Guidelines Type 2 Diabetes Pharmacologic Therapy | NDEI. [online] Available at: https://www.ndei.org/ADA-diabetes-management-guidelines-pharmacologic-therapy-for-type-2-diabetes.aspx [Accessed 5 Aug. 2015]. Reinehr, T. (2013). Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents.World journal of diabetes,4(6), 270. Schwartz, S., and DeFronzo, R. A. (2013). Is incretin-based therapy ready for the care of hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes? The time has come for GLP-1 receptor agonists!.Diabetes care,36(7), 2107-2111. Winkley, K et al. (2013) The clinical characteristics at diagnosis of Type2 diabetes in a multi-ethnic population; the South London Diabetes cohort (SOUL-D). Diabetologia 55(6). 127281